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Objective To analyze the characteristics of antibiotic resistance in group A Streptococ-cus ( GAS) strains isolated from children with scarlet fever in Tianjin in order to provide reference for clinical drug administration. -ethods GAS strains were collected from 2011 to 2016. A total of 276 isolates were analyzed by antibiotic susceptibility test and emm typing. Results All of the isolates were susceptible to penicillin, cefazolin and vancomycin, while 98. 2％ were susceptible to both chloramphenicol and levofloxa-cin. The resistance rates to azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline were 97. 8％, 97. 1％, 94. 2％, 94. 2％ and 79. 3％. The concomitant resistance to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline was 73. 2％. The resistance rates of GAS strains isolated from different years to tetracycline, clindamycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and azithromycin were significantly different. A statistically significant difference was found between the percentages of emm12 and emm1 strains resistant to tetracycline (84. 0％ vs 59. 5％, χ2=13. 820, P=0. 000). Conclusions The isolated GAS strains are sensitive toβ-lactams and highly resistant to macrolide antibiotics, clindamycin and tetracycline. Penicillin remains the preferred treatment for GAS infection and cephalosporins may be used as a substitute if the patient is allergic to penicillin.
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Objective@#To investigate the etiological characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes that caused scarlet fever from 2012 to 2016 in Tianjin.@*Methods@#The subjects were children diagnosed clinically as scarlet fever in Tianjin scarlet fever monitoring hospital from 2012 to 2016. The exclusion criteria were children with scarlet fever who were unable to cooperate with sampling. A total of 575 cases of children's swabs were collected. Biochemical methods were used to isolate and identify the bacteria of pharynx swab, and the PCR method was used to detect the emm genotyping and superantigen speA and speC, and the resistance of the strains to 10 antibiotics was measured by K-B paper method. We compared the carrying status of superantigen genes by different types of GAS and the resistance of all GAS to different antibiotics.@*Results@#There were 5 emm types (emm1/11/12/22/89). The dominant types were emm12 (52.9%, 100 strains) and emm1 (44.4%, 84 strains). The carrying rates of speA and speC genes were 21.7% (41 strains) and 76.7% (145 strains), respectively. The speA gene carrying rate of emm1 type GAS was 33.3% (28 strains), which were higher than that of emm12 (12% (12 strains)) (χ2=12.21, P<0.001). The speA and speC gene simultaneous carrying rate of emm1 type GAS was 27.4% (23 strains), which was higher than that of emm12 type (12% (12 strains)) (χ2=7.01, P=0.008). The percentages of the strains that were resistant to Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Clindamycin, Tetracyclin, Levofloxacin and Chloramphenicol were 96.8% (183 strains), 96.3% (182 strains), 92.1% (174 strains), 92.1% (174 strains), 73.0%(138 strains), 2.1% (4 strains) and 1.6% (3 strains), respectively. All isolates were susceptible to Penicillin, Cefazolin and Vancomycin, and there were statistical significance (χ2=953.28, P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#The dominant emm types causing scarlet fever are emm12 and emm1. The frequencies of speA and speC in emm1 and emm12 are different. S.pyrogenes in Tianjin were susceptible to penicillin, cefazolin and vancomycin, but highly resistant to the clindamycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and azithromycin.
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Objective To know the influence of nursing intervention on postoperative anxiety of patients with acute myocardial infarction when cured by pereutaneous tranluminal coronary angioplasty. Methods Di-vided 70 patients with acute myocardial infarction when cured by percutaneous tranluminal coronary angioplasty into the intervention group (40 cases) and the control group (30 cases) randomly. Routine nursing cares was used in the control group, integreted nursing cares was used in the intervention group in addition. Compared the incidence rate of anxiety between the two groups. Results After the nursing intervention, the incidence rate and the score of anxiety in the intervention group was significant better than that of in the control group respectively. Conclusions Integreted nursing cares can effective ameliorate the anxiety condition for patients with acute myocardial infarction when cured by percutaneous tranluminal coronary angioplasty, which can avoid certain related complications, and then promote psychological rehabilitation.